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These greatest scientists have explored the countless mysteries of our world and made contributions in almost every field of human life. There is no doubt that these personalities have sacrificed all their lives for the benefit of mankind. Here is a list of top 10 famous scientists of all time.
10. Ibn al-Haytham
Ibn al-Haytham was a famous Muslim scientist of the 10th and 11th century. He was born in Basra in 965 A.D. He made precious additions in the field of optics and astronomy. His research regarding the eyes is considered authentic even today. He is best known as the Father of Modern Optics, Experimental physics and Scientific methodology.
9. Issac Newton
Isaac Newton, an English scientist who ruled the 17 century because of his revolutionary scientific theory. He revolutionized the old beliefs in physics and Mathematics. He stated the laws of motion and gravity in his famous book ‘Principia Methematica’ which later on formed the basics of Modern physics. He was the first person who gave the idea of reflecting telescope. He also gave the theory of empirical law of cooling and studied speed of sound.
8. Galileo Galilei
Galileo was born in Italy in 1564. In 1581, he studied medicine education but after sometime he changed his mind and began studying mathematics. Gailileo studied freely falling bodies using scientific methods of that times. He also made several important discoveries in Astronomy. He is the person who transfigured our view that the earth revolves around the sun. He is known as the Father of Modern Science. He played vital role in scientific revolution. He is inventor of telescope.
7. Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein was the most famous scientist of 20 century. He was born in 1879 in Germany. He declared that mass energy, the two concerns of physics, are forms of each other. His theory of relativity changed man’s views of the universe. He is author of hundreds of scientific research papers and books. He won Nobel Prize in 1921 and was chosen the Person of the Century by Time magazine.
6. Al-Biruni
Al-Biruni, the famous physicist and astronomer of the 11th century, who sitting on a mountain top of Pind Dadan Khan, District Jhelum, Punjab, presently Pakistan, measured the circumference of the Earth with Vedic methods and development of Algebra. His estimate of 6,339.9 km for the Earth radius was only 16.8 km less than the modern value of 6,356.7 km. Just Imagine these calculations without any scientific advancements of today! He was also well versed in Fiqh, Medicine and Linguistics. He is best known as first anthropologist of the world.
5. Charles Darwin
Darwin was also an English scientist. He was born in 1809 at Shrewsbury in a prominent and well-off family. He has given the theory of evolution. He argued that man was developed from lower-life form. Although he faced bitter criticism but at last his theory of evolution and natural selection was accepted by the scientific society. He got his education from Cambridge University. In 1859, when his work “On the Origin of Species” was published, then a hot debate started upon his idea that man is descended from animals like the chimp.
4. Otto Hahn
Otto Hahn was a German scientist. Born in Frankfurt in 1879, he was a great promoter against the use of nuclear weapons. He discovered nuclear fission, for which he was awarded Nobel Prize in 1944. He was pioneer who worked in the field of chemistry and discovered nuclear fission. Hahn and his fellows worked in the field of nuclear physics, calculated the life of uranium and revealed the fact that uranium nuclei split when barraged with atom.
3. Nikola Tesla
Nikola Telsa, a great scientist born in 1856 in the Austrian state of Smiljan. He played vital role in developing electro magnetism and as well worked for discovering AC current. He has numbers of patent on his credit. He was tough tempered person who also worked with Thomas Edison, a businessman and American inventor who has 1,093 US patents in his name. Both of them never won Nobel Prize because of their animosity towards each other.
2. Aristotle
Aristotle was a greatest scientist of his era. It was the era of Plato and Alexander the Great. He was the student of Plato. He laid scientific and rational ideas for the foundation of western civilization. He had great knowledge in the fields of botany, physics, philosophy and logic. He had a strong belief in “rationality” for solving human problems. He was as well the teacher of Alexander the Great. Aristotle said, “Time crumbles things; everything grows old under the power of Time and forgotten through the lapse of Time.”
1. James Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell (13 June 1831–5 November 1879) was a Scottish mathematical physicist. His most prominent achievement was to formulate a set of equations that describe electricity, magnetism, and optics as manifestations of the same phenomenon, namely the electromagnetic field. Maxwell's achievements concerning electromagnetism have been called the "second great unification in physics", after the first one realized by Isaac Newton.
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